Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis in Russian Federation

The aim: to assess the incidence of various forms of pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with cystic fibrosis.Materials and methods. In 2014-2017 yy. in prospective study in different regions of Russia were included 190 patients with cystic fibrosis aged 1 to 37 years. Children – 130, adults – 60. All patients underwent allergy (skin tests with fungal allergens, total IgE level, specific IgE to fungal allergens) and mycology (microscopy and cultural investigations of respiratory biomaterials) testing. Chest computed tomography was performed according to the indications.Results. The incidence of fungal sensitization in patients with cystic fibrosis was 57%, to Aspergillus spp. – 27%. The incidence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis was 5,7%, chronic lung aspergillosis – 4,2%, invasive aspergillosis developed in one patient (0,5%) during immunosuppressive therapy after liver transplantation.Conclusion. The incidence of pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with cystic fibrosis in the Russian Federation was first determined (10.5%). Mycology testing is indicated for patients with cystic fibrosis for early treatment of different variants of pulmonary aspergillosis.