Tethered spinal cord : review of literature

Tethered cord syndrome is a stretch-induced functional disorder associated with the fixation (tethering) effect of inelastic tissue on the caudal spinal cord, limiting its movement. This abnormal attachment is associated with progressive stretching and increased tension of the spinal cord as a child ages, potentially resulting in a variety of neurological and other symptoms. The condition is closely linked to spina bifida, and such presentation in childhood may accompanied with the cutaneous stigmata of dysraphism (hairy patch, dimple, subcutaneous lipoma). There may be associated foot and spinal deformities, leg weakness, low back pain, scoliosis and incontinence. The condition may go undiagnosed until adulthood with the development of sensory and motor problems and loss of bowel and bladder control.