Effect of Nanoclay on Flammability Behavior and Morphology of Nanocomposites from Wood Flour and Polystyrene Materials

The flammability behavior of wood/plastic nanocomposites made from recycled polystyrene, wood flour, and nanoclay were investigated in this study. The wood flour was mixed, using the two weight ratios of 40 wt.% and 60 wt.% with recycled polystyrene, and nanoclay was added at 0 wt.% and 5 wt.%. A coupling agent was also added at up to 3 wt.% of the composite. The results showed that the oxygen index increased when higher contents of wood flour were added. Furthermore, it was found that the samples required more oxygen for ignition when the percentage of wood flour was increased. Similarly, it was found that the samples required a greater amount of oxygen for ignition with increasing nanoclay content. Therefore, the flammability of the sample decreased because the time to ignition took longer in the absence of sufficient oxygenation. X-ray analysis of the nanocomposites revealed that the morphological structure involved intercalation.