Effect of combined catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation and left atrial appendage closure on left atrial structure compared with a single procedure

The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (No. The inclusion criteria were the following: (1) age ≥18 years; (2) CHA2DS2-VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years [doubled], diabetes, stroke [doubled], vascular disease, age 65–74 years, and sex category) Score ≥2; (3) symptomatic AF refractory to antiarrhythmic drugs with CA indication; and (4) LAAC with at least one of the following indications: CA-only and LAAC-only groups showed significant differences in several clinical characteristics with the combined group, respectively. Multiple logistic analysis showed that in the combined group, RR were independently associated with the TE events (OR, 0.067; 95% CI, 0.007–0.658; P