Vulnerability of Wastewater Treatment Plants to Volcanic Na-Tech Events

Volcanic hazards caused by explosive eruptions could cause a wide range of Na-Tech risks (technological risks triggered by natural events), followed by negative effects for people and/or environment. In particular, volcanic ash fallout can directly endanger human health, structures and critical infrastructures (wastewater treatment plants, electricity networks, etc.). It is well known that even relatively moderate emissions often cause significant damages and economic losses. This work illustrates a preliminary study to approach the vulnerability estimation of wastewater treatment plants, which are located in areas with potential volcanic ash fallouts. It represents the first step for the further implementation of a recent methodology for the vulnerability mapping based on the use of a Geographical Information System (GIS).