MOLAR INCISOR HYPOMINERALIZATION AND CELIAC DISEASE

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a developmental enamel defect with multifactorial etiology. Although the relationship between celiac disease (CD) and developmental enamel defect was demonstrated, the association between CD and MIH is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze the occurrence of MIH in CD patients. METHODS: Forty CD patients and a control group with 40 healthy individuals were selected. A calibrated examiner (k≥0.889) according to the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria performed the diagnosis of MIH. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Fischer’s exact test (α=0.05). RESULTS: Of the 80 participants, ten presented MIH with eight individuals with CD. Celiac patients presented 4.75 times the chance of occurrence of MIH than the control group (95% CI: 2.22-10.18; P=0.044). In all the evaluated teeth (n=978), 22 had MIH: 20 teeth in individuals with CD and two in those without the disease. All CD participants with MIH presented the classic form of the disease. CD participants showed 17 teeth (85.0%) with demarcated opacities, two (10.0%) post-eruptive collapses and one (5.0%) atypical restoration. The control group presented only demarcated opacities. CONCLUSION: CD increased the chance of MIH and associated with its clinical manifestations can assist in the diagnosis of CD. RESUMO CONTEXTO: A hipomineralização de molares e incisivos (HMI) é um defeito de desenvolvimento de esmalte com etiologia multifatorial. Embora a relação entre doença celíaca (DC) e defeito de desenvolvimento de esmalte já tenha sido demonstrada, a associação entre DC e HMI ainda é incerta. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a ocorrência de HMI em pacientes com DC. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados 40 pacientes com DC e um grupo controle com 40 indivíduos sem a doença. O diagnóstico da HMI foi realizado por examinador calibrado (k≥0,889) segundo critérios da Academia Europeia de Odontopediatria. Dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e teste exato de Fischer (α=0,05). RESULTADOS: Dos 80 participantes, 10 apresentaram HMI sendo 8 indivíduos com DC. Pacientes celíacos apresentaram 4,75 vezes a chance de ocorrência de HMI que grupo controle (IC 95%: 2,22-10,18; P=0,044). No total dos dentes avaliados (n=978), 22 apresentaram HMI: 20 dentes em indivíduos com DC e 2 entre aqueles sem a doença. Todos os participantes com DC e portadores de HMI apresentavam a forma clássica da doença. Pa