Calculation and analysis of tidal forces trigger effect on the greatest earthquakes

The majority of solid minerals in the world (excluding those, which are on the Earth's surface) are mined by the open- and close-cut techniques using adits, mines and other minings. A large part of deposits of minerals (including the oil ones) occur either close or just inside the areas of higher seismological activity (all deposits in Chilly, Japan, Indonesia, some deposits in the USA, Russia and other countries can be referred to this type). Thus, if a major earthquake occurs near such deposit it will probably result in suspension (conservation) of the deposit activity, on the one hand, and on the other hand in significant amount of victims and economic damage. In order to avoid or at least to minimize the damage it is necessary to monitor the seismological situation in these territories and to study all possible causes of earthquake occurrence. The paper is devoted to the study of the earthquake nature. This is the relevance of the research. The aim of the study is to establish the combined effect of the gravitational forces of the Moon and Sun on the Earth's seismological activity zones. Methods. Physical and mathematical model (G. Darwin tidal model) is taken as a basis, and the combined effect of the Moon and Sun and their relative positions are taken into account. Results. The authors have studied six largest earthquakes with epicenters located near the equator during the last 15 years and prepared a map of horizontal and vertical components and the magnitudes of gravitational force, depending on the relative position of the moon and the sun. The influence of tidal forces on epicenters of six greatest earthquakes, located near the equator was analyzed. The developed technique can be useful for studying the mechanisms of stress at the boundaries of block structures.