Comportamiento productivo y reproductivo del ganado holstein rojo, holstein negro y pardo suizo en Palmira, Valle del Cauca

Three breeds of dairy cattle (26 Red Holstein RH, 97 Black Holstein BH and 29 Brown Swiss BS), were evaluated for reproductive eficiency, and milk production for the years 1979 - 1987 a t the Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario, Palmira. Days of milking, milk and fat production were for BH (324.0days, 2545.9 kg, 91.1 kg) for the RH (300.0 days, 2243.7 kg, 81.0 kg) for the BS (298.2 days, 1886.6 kg, 66.9 kg). % fat average were 3.6% in RH, 3.7 % in BH and BS. The lactation curves for the three breeds were best ajusted with the model: Y=A+B(lnt) + C(lnt)2. Larger persistaency was observed on BS followed by RH. The BS presented better reproductive efficiency than RH and BH with a mean of 169.0,177.4 and 195.6 days, calving data-conception and 2.0, 22 and 22 for number of services per conception. The HR breed had a calving age of 3.4 years and 470.5 kg of calving weight larger than 3.5 years and 440.0 kg for the BH and 3.8 years and 458.1 kg for the BS. Average weight at birth for males and females together BS showed grater weights (37.02 kq), BH and RH showed similar results (36.0 and 362 kg). The incidence of problem at birth was higher for RH (10.90/0) and puerperium problems in BS(21.60,b). Not significal effect of calving weight and rainfall on milk yield and calving date-conception. In most cases there was no correlation between milk yield and calving date-conception. There was a very narow relation between calving date- conception and number of services per conception.En el Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario-Palmira, se evaluó el comportamiento productivo y reproductivo de 152 vacas; 26 Holstein Rojo (HR), 97 Holstein Negro (HN) y 29 vacas Pardo Suizo (PS), durante el período 1979-1987. La mayor duración de la lactancia, producción de leche y grasa (kg) la presentó la raza HN (324 días, 2545.9 ka, 91.1 kg), seguido de la HR (300 días, 2243.7,81.0 kg) y de la PS (298.2 días, 1886.6 kg, 66.9 kg). los porcentajes de grasa fueron 3.6 (HR) y 3.7010 (HN y PSI. Al tipificar la curva de lactancia, el modelo de mejor ajuste fue: y = A + B (lnt) + C (lnt)2; se observó mayor persistencia en la PS, seguida de la HR. Para el intervalo parto concepción (lPC: 169.0) y servicios por concepción (SC: 2.0) la raza PS presentó mejor desempeño reproductivo, respecto a HN (177.4 Y 2.2) Y HR (195.6 Y 2.2). La raza HR presentó el primer parto a menor edad (3.4 años) y mayor peso (470.5 kg) comparada con la HN (3.5 años y 440.1 kg) y con la PS (3.8 años y 458.1 Kg). El peso promed