Incidence and determinants of tuberculosis among HIV-positive individuals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study

•HIV increases the lifetime risk of tuberculosis infection.•In this study, the highest incidence of tuberculosis among HIV-positive individuals occurred within the first year of follow-up.•Baseline clinical factors determine the incidence of tuberculosis among HIV-positive individuals.•Early enrollment on highly active antiretroviral therapy and isoniazid prophylaxis treatment are important to decrease the risk of tuberculosis. To assess the incidence and determinants of tuberculosis (TB) among HIV-positive individuals in selected health facilities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, during the period January 2013 to December 2018. Data were collected from the records of 566 HIV-positive individuals. A retrospective cohort study design was employed. Data were entered into Epi Info 7 and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 20. TB incidence density was determined per 100 person-years. Time-to-event distributions were estimated using Kaplan–Meier estimates. Survival curves and hazards across different categories were compared using log-rank tests. Determinants were identified using the Cox proportional hazards model. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed. A p-value