Regulation of Inflammation in Autoimmune Disease

Recently, increasing evidences have shown that the abnormal inflammatory response is closely associated with many chronic diseases, especially in autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), gout, and diabetes [1–3]. The costimulatory molecule dyad interaction between T cells and APCs has been linked to the development of abnormal immune response [6]. [...]inhibition of costimulatory molecule interaction has been suggested to result in impaired T cell activation. J. Sun et al. demonstrated that human amnion mesenchymal cells (hAMC) could attenuate the inflammation and promote the remyelination in EAE mice, which might be a promising cell source for the therapy of MS. Epigenetic mechanism has been implicated in the development and progression of many autoimmune diseases [11].