Analysis of the PPARD gene expression level changes in football players in response to the training cycle

The gene codes protein that belongs to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family engaged in a variety of biological processes, including lipid metabolism in muscle cells. In this study, we assess the relationship between gene expression lipid metabolism parameters and the variation of the gene expression before (T ) and after 12 hours of training (T ) sessions in a group of football players. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were obtained from 22 football players (17.5±0.7 years, 178±0.7 cm, 68.05±9.18 kg). The gene expression, analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), was significantly higher after T ( = 0.0006). Moreover, at the end of the training cycle, there was a significant decrease in relative fat tissue (FAT) (%) ( = 0.01) and absolute FAT (kg) ( = 0.01). A negative correlation was observed between absolute FAT (kg) and gene expression level in T ( = 0.03). The levels of cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) fractions were not significantly different ( >0.05) before and after training. No significant relationship between expression and cholesterol or TG levels was found. We found that physical training affects expression. Moreover, the negative correlation between expression and absolute FAT (kg) level may be indicative of the contribution of in metabolic adaptation to increased lipid uptake that can be used to control the body composition of athletes.