Synthesis and Medicinal Applications of Imidazopyridine and Imidazothiazole Derivatives: A Review

Imidazopyridine and its derivatives are essential heterocycles widely utilized in medicinal chemistry, natural products, and synthetic chemicals. The unique structural characteristics of the imidazopyridine ring facilitate their interaction with various enzymes and receptors through weak interactions, leading to a wide range of biological and pharmacological effects. Many imidazole derivatives are extensively used in clinical practice to treat various diseases, highlighting their significant potential for further research. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current research on imidazopyridine or imidazopyridine derivatives in medicinal chemistry, focusing on their roles as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, and other therapeutic agents.