Cultivation of dipterous (Diptera Linnaeus, 1758) insects, such as fruit flies, synanthropic flies larvae and chironomids larvae for fish feeding (review)

Literature sources and professional information on the cultivation specificity of fruit fly, synanthropic flies larvae (maggots) and Chironomids larvae (bloodworms) for use in fish feeding are summarized. Their biological properties, as well as opportunities and prospects for their use as forage objects in aquaculture are considered. A brief review of the main biotechnological steps of cultivation of the dipterous insects for fish feeding is given. The study presents production features of different species of such families as Drosophila, synanthropic flies and chironomids, as well as cultivation technologies for these three families, both in small quantities for the needs of private individuals and large amounts for the needs of legal entities. The optimal conditions for the development of these insects and the basic principles for feeding them to fish are given. Data on the nutritional value of fruit flies, synanthropic flies and chironomids larvae are presented. It is recommended to meet veterinary and sanitary requirements for the cultivation of these forage organisms. The summarized information will be useful for researchers who are exploring ways to optimize fish feeding as well as for aquarists. Obtaining zoohumus as a valuable cultivation by-product provides the opportunity for additional revenue and integrated development.