Modelling market indices, commodity market prices and stock prices of energy sector using VAR with variance decomposition model

The study aims to examine the existence of a correlation between the stock prices of the energy sector, commodities prices of the energy sector, and market indices. The study uses an empirical approach to develop various VAR (Vector Autoregression) with Variance Decomposition Models for each company under the energy sector indexed in NIFTY50 by considering daily prices for 3 years. For a comparative study, the data have been divided into two parts. The first part is considered pre-COVID era, i.e., from July 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019, and the second part is considered post-COVID era, i.e., from January 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021. While observing the estimates of VAR of different companies, it can be said that crude oil is significant in most of the models during pre-COVID whereas, during post COVID, lag term of crude oil and NIFTYENGERGY are significant. On the other hand, while observing the estimates of variance decomposition in all the VAR models, the first lag term of the particular company's share price is strongly endogenous. In comparison, the other independent variable, i.e., lag term of the price of crude oil and natural gas, values of NIFTY50 and NIFTY ENERGY are strongly exogenous to the stock prices of the energy sector.