The efficacy and safety of valproic acid medications with controlled active ingredient release in adults in real clinical practice from the position of pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic approaches

Objective: to analyze the efficacy and tolerability of sustained-release sodium valproate (SV) in adult patients with focal or generalized epilepsy in real clinical practice in three regions (Krasnoyarsk, Moscow, and Samara) of the Russian Federation.Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled adult patients with focal (n=63) or generalized (n=31) epilepsy who had received a stable dose of the drug alone (n=64 (68%)) or in combination with one of the antiepileptic drugs (AEDs): levetiracetam, lamotrigine, topiramate, or perampanel (n=30 (31.9%)) for at least one year. According to the brand name of drugs, their use frequency was as follows: Depakine® Chrono (61.7%), Convulex® (16%), Depakine® Chronosphere (9.6%), Valparine® XP (8.5%), and Encorate® Chrono (4.3%).Results. For a period of over one year, most patients with focal epilepsy (FE) (49.2%) and idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) (67.7%) achieved a remission of seizures when they used moderate (1000 mg) and low (