Investigating causal relations between heart failure and Alzheimer's disease: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study

•The causal relationship between HF and AD remains controversial.•There was no evidence of causality between HF and AD under the Mendelian randomization analyses.•The genetic correlations of HF and AD require further validation. Heart failure has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of dementia and its subtype- Alzheimer's disease in observational studies. However, whether this associations reflects the underlying causality remains controversial. This study aims to investigate the causal effects of heart failure on the risk of Alzheimer's disease. We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using summary data from recently published genome-wide association studies. Twelve single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with heart failure at a significance level of P