Moderating Effect of Self-Esteem on the Relationship between Depression and Family Conflict Coping Strategies in the Elderly with Chronic Diseases in Korea

(1) Background: The elderly with chronic diseases often experience high levels of depression, which can negatively affect their family conflict coping strategies. Additionally, as the level of depression increases, self-esteem tends to decrease. This study aims to investigate whether self-esteem plays a moderating role in the relationship between depression and family conflict coping strategies among the elderly with chronic diseases. (2) Method: The subjects were 2501 older adults with chronic diseases included in the 16th Korean Welfare Panel Study. The CES-D scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the tool of Family Conflict Coping Strategies were used. (3) Results: Depression was negatively correlated with self-esteem and coping strategies for family conflict, while self-esteem was positively correlated with coping strategies for family conflict. In the multiple regression model, self-esteem had a moderating effect (F = 43.20, p < 0.001). This result indicated that as self-esteem increases, the negative influence of depression on family conflict coping strategies becomes weaker (β = −0.08, t = −3.04, p = 0.002). (4) Conclusions: When addressing family conflict coping strategies in the elderly with chronic diseases, it is crucial to focus on enhancing self-esteem. Additionally, it may be beneficial to classify the elderly into groups based on their level of self-esteem.