Adjunctive role of Q10 with Ligilactobacillus salivarius , and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum probiotic Bacteria on the HEp-2 cells viability and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans

Various studies have indicated the application of Coenzyme Q10 and probiotic bacteria such as and in combating periodontal disease. Considering the positive effect of these two on oral health, and the destructive effect of , in this study, we investigate the outcomes of the administration of probiotics and Q10 on infected HEp-2 cell viability and adhesion in different settings. A 3-week-old human epidermoid laryngeal (HEp-2) cell line was cultured and exposed to two different probiotics and 3 different doses of Q10 doses. Samples were contaminated by immediately (therapeutic setting) and after 3 hours (preventive setting). Eventually, the viability of HEp-2 cells was investigated by MTT. Also, the number of adhered was explored by direct and indirect adhesion assays. L. plantarum and L. salivarius protect epithelial cells against in both therapeutic and preventive settings, albeit not fully. In contrast, Q10 completely preserves the viability of infected Her HEp-2 cells at all concentrations. The effects of the coexistence of Q10 and probiotics were not quite equal, among which L. salivarius and 5 μg of Q10 form the best results. The microscopic adherence assay of revealed that samples containing Q10 had significantly lower adhesion of probiotics and to HEp-2 cells. Similarly, plates containing with μg or with 1μg Q10 or sole presence of had the lowest adherence among others. Also, with μg Q10 had one of the highest probiotic adherences. In conclusion, co-administration of Q10 and probiotics especially in presence of with μg Q10 could have remarkable effects on HEp-2 cell viability, , and probiotic adherence. Nevertheless, our study, for the first time, showed that Q10 might have an anti-bacterial activity by suppressing the adhesion of tested bacteria to HEp-2 cells. This hypothesis, if correct, suggests that due to their different mechanisms, co-prescription of Q10 and probiotics may lead to better clinical responses, especially in the mentiond dose.