Evaluating and forecasting methods for assessing the health status of cables under the load of large-scale electric vehicle charging

The assessment of the health status and prediction of the lifespan of cable equipment are critical for ensuring the stability and efficiency of the power grid. This paper develops a temperature-current-capacity-life calculation model for cables, considering the fast and slow charging demands of electric vehicles (EVs). Analyses under scenarios of rapid and slow charging demands are conducted, introducing a cable health index and establishing a health status assessment framework based on this index. The framework accounts for various factors leading to cable faults, offering a comprehensive evaluation of the health status of cables with different fault rates. Building upon this, a prediction method using the Fire Hawk Optimization (FHO) Algorithm and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is proposed. This method enhances performance by optimizing the hyperparameters of Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU) through FHO, effectively searching and determining the optimal hyperparameter configuration. The impact of different scenarios and varying EV penetration rates on cable temperature is analyzed through case studies, facilitating the assessment and prediction of health status.