The concept of instrument constituencies: accounting for dynamics and practices of knowing governance

As a new concept in policy analysis, instrument constituencies shed light on the 'supply side' of policy-making and thereby fill a gap in our understanding of national and transnational policy dynamics. Policy instruments are not only 'active' because they contain scripts for reordering society but also because they gather a constituency comprised of practices and actors oriented towards developing, maintaining and expanding a specific instrumental model of governing. Instrument constituencies account for a hitherto neglected form of agency and explain the often-observed paradox that policy solutions sometimes chase policy problems, although the former are meant to emerge as answers to the later. We give an outline of the concept as it has been developed so far, formulate propositions, and discuss linkages with established research traditions in policy studies.