Reinforcement bars tying types in reinforced concrete

In huge reinforced concrete structures, it is often difficult to distribute the reinforcing bars, especially at the connection regions, to keep the spacing between bars within the minimum acceptable limits as recommended in the global specifications standard, by using the common methods such as, overlapping or welding, therefore, a new method for bonding was introduced, using mechanical joints and electro fusion bonding method, and comparing these methods with the maximum strength of reinforcing bars without joints and the failure location within maximum strength limits outside the joints.