The Reality of Spirituality and the Challenge of Religious Freedom in Indonesia: Theological and Social Perspectives

Freedom of religion in Indonesia is an important and sensitive issue. Indonesia's religious diversity often leads to disputes and conflicts that disrupt harmony and unity. It is considered the emergence of diverse understandings and unfulfilled rights from religious differences. A theological approach can be an effective tool in facilitating the transformation of religious awakening and promoting religious freedom in Indonesia. This research aims to determine how theological perspectives influence the understanding and practice of religious freedom, which is communicated effectively. The research method used is descriptive, analysing the index of religious freedom in Indonesia with a theological analysis of religious freedom. The study's results highlight the importance of a theological approach in fostering a spiritual attitude and influencing expressions of religious freedom. The values of harmony, tolerance, and respect have encouraged efforts to build respect but still raise concerns about the emergence of conflict with the development of community interaction. Implementing effective strategies to place theology that encourages religious freedom in Indonesia is essential.