Ginseng-Epimedii formula ameliorated experimental Sjögren’s syndrome via reducing IL-6 production

Medicinal herbs have been recently investigated to explore their therapeutic potential on autoimmune disorders, as an alternative treatment to relieve disease symptoms. Here, we sought to determine the immunomodulatory function of a Chinese medicine formula Ginseng-Epimedii (GE), constituted by Lycium barbarum, Ginseng, Eleutherococcus senticosus and Epimedium brevicornum, on mice with experimental Sjögren’s syndrome (ESS). We found that GE-treated ESS mice exhibited improved salivary gland function and decreased serum levels of autoantibodies. In line with the network pharmacology analysis, GE treatment suppressed IL-6 production by B cells and conventional dendritic cells, associated with decreased effector T cell subsets. Using co-culture assay and adoptive transfer model, we demonstrated that splenoctyes from ESS mice receiving GE treatment showed impaired capacity to drive pathogenic Th17 and T follicular helper cell differentiation. Thus, this study suggested the therapeutic potential of GE formula in treating SS, by skewing the microenvironment that unfavored effector T cell responses.