Research on influencing factors of cultivated land productivity of high-standard farmland projects in Hanzhong city of China – an empirical study based on PLS-SEM

Based on 295 capacity monitoring sites in Hanzhong city, we used partial least squares structural equation model to construct a model of the factors influencing cultivated land productivity using soil nutrients, farmland water resources, geological characteristics and soil properties as latent variables to explore the main factors affecting cultivated land productivity in Hanzhong city. The research results show that: (1) Soil nutrients, farmland water conservancy and soil properties were the main factors influencing cropland productivity, and had direct or indirect positive effects on cropland productivity, with the total effects ranging from soil properties (0.587) > farmland water conservancy (0.552) > soil nutrients (0.464). (2) Geological characteristics had no direct effect on cropland productivity, but indirectly influenced cropland productivity by affecting soil nutrients. (3) Slope had a negative effect on cropland productivity. Cultivated land productivity in Hanzhong city is influenced by various factors. Integrating the interactions and influence effects among the influencing factors, it is recommended to achieve coordinated and sustainable regional food production by improving water conservancy facilities, strengthening farmland quality, improving agricultural product quality, and building healthy capacity of cultivated land.