Dissemination of fake news within transnational public spaces. Legal aspects, psychological dynamics of disinformation, and the impact of artificial intelligence

In an age marked by advanced technology and globalization, communication1 plays an essential role in shaping and directing public opinion worldwide. Transnational public spaces, defined as an intersection between various cultures and communication media, are becoming increasingly relevant in promoting intercultural dialogue and understanding. However, a major problem that threatens these spaces is the malicious spread of a certain type of news, known as "fake news". Thus, in the given context of globalization and the digital communication dynamization of transnational public spaces, the propagation and impact of fake news represents a significant challenge regarding the global dialogue, the exchange of information, the trust in the prevalence of the right to free speech, as well as obtaining advantages from certain interest groups by manipulating the masses.