Deciphering the constrained total energy expenditure model in humans by associating accelerometer-measured physical activity from wrist and hip

The constrained total energy expenditure (TEE) model posits that progressive increases in physical activity (PA) lead to increases in TEE; but after certain PA threshold, TEE plateaus. Then, a compensatory reduction in the expenditure of non-essential activities constrains the TEE. We hypothesized t...

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Veröffentlicht in:SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2021-06, Vol.11 (1), p.12302-12302, Article 12302
Hauptverfasser: Fernández-Verdejo, Rodrigo, Alcantara, Juan M. A., Galgani, Jose E., Acosta, Francisco M., Migueles, Jairo H., Amaro-Gahete, Francisco J., Labayen, Idoia, Ortega, Francisco B., Ruiz, Jonatan R.
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:The constrained total energy expenditure (TEE) model posits that progressive increases in physical activity (PA) lead to increases in TEE; but after certain PA threshold, TEE plateaus. Then, a compensatory reduction in the expenditure of non-essential activities constrains the TEE. We hypothesized that high PA levels as locomotion associate with a compensatory attenuation in arm movements. We included 209 adults (64% females, mean [SD] age 32.1 [15.0] years) and 105 children (40% females, age 10.0 [1.1] years). Subjects wore, simultaneously, one accelerometer in the non-dominant wrist and another in the hip for ≥ 4 days. We analyzed the association between wrist-measured (arm movements plus locomotion) and hip-measured PA (locomotion). We also analyzed how the capacity to dissociate arm movements from locomotion influences total PA. In adults, the association between wrist-measured and hip-measured PA was better described by a quadratic than a linear model (Quadratic-R 2  = 0.54 vs. Linear-R 2  = 0.52; P  = 0.003). Above the 80th percentile of hip-measured PA, wrist-measured PA plateaued. In children, there was no evidence that a quadratic model fitted the association between wrist-measured and hip-measured PA better than a linear model (R 2  = 0.58 in both models, P  = 0.25). In adults and children, those with the highest capacity to dissociate arm movements from locomotion—i.e. higher arm movements for a given locomotion—reached the highest total PA. We conclude that, in adults, elevated locomotion associates with a compensatory reduction in arm movements (probably non-essential fidgeting) that partially explains the constrained TEE model. Subjects with the lowest arm compensation reach the highest total PA.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-91750-x