Indoor Air Temperature Distribution and Heat Transfer Coefficient for Evaluating Cold Storage of Phase-Change Materials during Night Ventilation

This paper focuses on clarifying the heat transfer coefficient necessary for determining the indoor temperature distribution during night ventilation using floor-level windows. Measurements were used to identify the factors that influence the vertical temperature distribution within a room wherein phase-change materials (PCMs) were installed at the floor level. The investigation revealed a temperature differential ranging from 1 °C to a maximum of 3 °C between the floor and the center of the room, attributable to external climatic conditions (outdoor temperature and wind speed). This variation was found to depend on the degree of mixing of indoor air currents. This deviation was critical because it significantly affected the phase-change temperature of PCMs, thereby impacting their thermal storage capabilities. Consequently, this study aimed to refine the predictive accuracy of indoor temperature distributions by proposing a modified vertical temperature distribution model that incorporated these findings. The results of this study are expected to provide better design strategies for building constructions that incorporate PCMs, and to optimize their functionality in passive cooling systems.