Improvement of cortical granules migration and in vitro embryo production of vitrified bovine oocyte by 9-cis retinoic acid

Objective: To reveal the effects of 9-cis retinoic acid (RA) on cortical granules (CGs) migration and in vitro embryo production (IVP) rate in meiosis Π vitrified bovine oocyte. Methods: Following in vitro maturation (IVM) in a medium containing 5 nM of 9-cis-RA, 60 oocytes were vitrified and then thawed. Then, half of them were evaluated for CGs migration and the other half were used for in vitro fertilization and IVP (on day 3). In addition, the other 60 oocytes were considered as the control group, which did not receive RA in IVM medium. The data were presented to one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's test. Results: Results showed that IVP rate (4-8 cells embryos) was significantly (P