Impact of dapagliflozin on life expectancy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in routine practice

BACKGROUND : Value of diabetes mellitus as social and medical issue seems to be growing worldwide. High rates of concomitant cardiovascular disease represent significant problem for prognosis improvement in diabetes mellitus patients. During analysis of CARDIA-MOS study results overall mortality decrease of 38.6% was demonstrated for sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 dapagliflozin. AIM : To analyze the number of added life years in patients receiving dapagliflozin compared to patients who did not receive hypoglycemic treatment with cardioprotective effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS : To evaluate outcome rates in patients included in CARDIA-MOS register, two samples were formulated according to predetermined criteria: 1) patients who started dapagliflozin treatment in 2017 and received medication for 48 months; 2) control group of patients not receiving cardioprotective hypoglycemic treatment comparable to study group in key characteristics: age, duration of diabetes mellitus, presence of cardiovascular disease, use of insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. RESULTS : Dapagliflozin increased life expectancy. Earlier prescription of treatment was associated with larger difference compared to standard therapy. For patients aged 60 years old dapagliflozin added 3.7 years of life, while in patients aged 75 years — 1.4 years. Demonstrated trend was consistent in analysis using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing. CONCLUSION : Therefore, use of dapagliflozin in real clinical practice was associated with increase in life expectancy. Earlier start of treatment led to higher number of life years added.