Synergistic neuroprotective effects of thiamine, pyridoxine and cyanocobalamin on the level of human proteome

Group B vitamins are characterized by neuroprotective effects. Mechanisms of action of synergistic combinations of various vitamins are insufficiently studied. In this study, proteins with activity or levels dependent on vitamins B1 (thiamine), B6 (pyridoxine) and B12 (cyanocobalamin) were found in genomic and proteomic databases. Systems biology analysis showed that the thiamine is necessary for synthesis of ATP (glucose metabolism, lipid and branched chain amino acids), hemopoiesis and maintenance of neuronal structure. Pyridoxine-dependent proteins of the proteome are necessary for the metabolism of amino acids, ATP synthesis, synthesis of neurotransmitters and of neuronal membranes. Vitamin B12 is needed for the metabolism of lipids, hemopoiesis and shows neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects. We identified numerous synergistic interactions of vitamins B1, B6, B12, at the molecular level, including the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, forming structures of neurons, blood, ATP synthesis etc. The established mechanisms of vitamins B1, B6, B12 synergy at the molecular level are of fundamental importance for neuroprotection and prevention of cerebrovascular disease.