Wavelength- and Angle-Selective Photodetectors Enabled by Graphene Hot Electrons with Tamm Plasmon Polaritons

Recently, two-dimensional materials have attracted attention owing to their special optical characteristics and miniaturization, with low thickness as well as extremely high responsivity. Additionally, Tamm plasmon polariton (TPP) resonance can be observed by combining a metal film and a one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal (PC), where an electric field confinement is located at the metal-1D PC interface. In this study, a graphene layer combined with a TPP is proposed as a wavelength- and angle-selective photodetector. The graphene layer is located where the strong field confinement occurs, and the photocurrent response is significantly enhanced with increasing absorption by over four times (from 62.5 μA⋅W to 271 μA⋅W and undetected state to 330 μA⋅W in two different samples). Moreover, the graphene-TPP photodetector has wavelength and angle selectivity, which can be applied in LiDAR detecting, sun sensors, laser beacon tracking, and navigational instruments in the future.