Optimisation of oral anticoagulants for patients with atrial fibrillation within 12 months after percutaneous coronary intervention: A meta-analysis and systematic review

•For patients with atrial fibrillation within 12 months after percutaneous coronary intervention:•Factor IIa inhibitor 110 mg bid plus a P2Y12 inhibitor is suitable for patients at high risk of bleeding.•Both Novel oral anticoagulants and vitamin K antagonists could be chose as antithrombotic strategy for patients with high risk of thrombosis.•Different kinds of antithrombotic strategy (including vitamin K antagonists) should be selected according to different risk factors of patients. The optimal antithrombotic strategy, especially regarding oral anticoagulants (OACs) for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with bleeding and thrombosis risk after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), remains unknown. This study explored the optimal oral anticoagulants for AF patients after PCI using a meta-analysis. Randomised controlled trials were identified from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library through December 2020. Risk ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and random-effects models were used to compare different antithrombotic strategies through network meta-analysis, and the combination of antithrombotic agents was ranked according to the surface under the cumulative ranking curve and rankograms. Interval plots were drawn to observe pairwise comparisons between the different strategies. Five studies of 11,532 patients were included. Factor IIa inhibitor 110 mg bid plus a P2Y12 inhibitor had the greatest advantage for reducing Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) major or minor bleeding; Factor Xa inhibitor plus a P2Y12 inhibitor had the greatest advantage for reducing International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis major bleeding. For patients at risk of stroke plus all-cause death, factor IIa inhibitor 150 mg bid plus a P2Y12 inhibitor should be prioritised, and for those at risk of myocardial infarction and stent thrombosis, vitamin K antagonists plus a P2Y12 inhibitor were preferred. Factor IIa inhibitor 110 mg, factor IIa inhibitor 150 mg, factor Xa inhibitor and vitamin K antagonists should be selected in different situations.