餐厨废弃油脂生物柴油对船舶柴油机性能、排放特性以及燃烧特性的影响Effects of waste cooking oil biodiesel on performance, emissions characteristic and combustion characteristic of marine diesel engine

为探讨生物柴油应用于船舶柴油机的可行性，将餐厨废弃油脂生物柴油与柴油混合，在船舶柴油机上进行试验，测试其对船舶柴油机性能、排放特性和燃烧特性的影响。结果表明：生物柴油混合物的高黏度以及低热值会降低有效热效率，并导致燃油消耗率略有升高；由于生物柴油的高含氧量促进完全燃烧，相比于柴油，燃烧生物柴油混合物后，一氧化碳排放量最高下降17%，二氧化碳排放量最高下降5.1%，二氧化硫排放量最高下降41%，碳烟排放量最高下降36%；生物柴油过快的燃烧速率提高了气缸内的燃烧温度，以及高含氧量促进了氮氧化物的排放；生物柴油混合物燃烧时的缸内压力与柴油非常接近。餐厨废弃油脂生物柴油对船舶柴油机的性能、燃烧特性和排放特性均具有较好的表现，可以作为柴油的替代燃料用于船舶柴油机。 In order to discuss the feasibility of applying biodiesel to marine diesel engine, waste cooking oil biodiesel was mixed with diesel, and the test was carried out on marine diesel engine to investigate the effects of biodiesel on performance, emissions characteristic and combustion characteristic of marine diesel engine.The results showed that the high viscosity and low calorific value of the biodiesel mixture reduced the effective thermal efficiency and cause a slight increase in the fuel consumption rate. After burning the biodiesel mixture, the high oxygen content of biodiesel promoted complete combustion. Compared with diesel, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and soot emissions were reduced by up to 17%, 5.1%, 41% and 36%, respectively.However, the excessively fast combustion rate of biodiesel increased the combustion temperature in the cylinder, and the high oxygen content promoted the emission of nitrogen oxides. The cylinder pressure of biodiesel was very close to that of diesel. Waste cooking oil biodiesel has good performance on performance, combustion characteristic and emissions characteristic of marine diesel engine, and it can be used as an alternative fuel to diesel for marine diesel engine.