Association between Interleukin-1 Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Dental Peri-Implant Disease: A Meta-Analysis

Interleukins (ILs), as important biochemical mediators, control the host response to inflammation and are associated with bone resorption. In the present meta-analysis, we investigated the association between polymorphisms and susceptibility to dental peri-implant disease (PID). We searched Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and PubMed/Medline databases for studies published until 9 September2021, without any restrictions. We calculated the crude OR and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to estimate the associations between polymorphisms and PID risk in the five genetic models. We further performed the subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, meta-regression, trial sequential analysis, and calculated the publication bias. Out of 212 retrieved records, sixteen articles were used in the meta-analysis. There was no association between and polymorphisms and the risk of dental PIDs, but there was an increased risk of in the patients with PIDs. In addition, an association of the composite genotype of was observed with the risk of PIDs, but not for the composite genotype of . The publication year, the ethnicity, sample size, and the outcome were significantly influenced pooled estimates of some genetic models. Trial sequential analysis showed the lack of sufficient sample sizes in the studies. : Among IL-1 polymorphisms evaluated in the meta-analysis, the composite genotype of and were the only polymorphisms associated with the risk of PID. The T allele and CT genotype of polymorphism were also associated with an elevated risk of PID.