Human Capital, Social, Wages, and Welfare: Case of Small and Medium Enterprise Workers

Capital consists of human capital, social capital, natural capital, physical capital, and financial capital, but this study will only discuss human and social capital. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between human and social capital in achieving prosperity through the level of wages and income, especially for workers in the Small and Medium Enterprises sector in Palembang City. Respondents in this research were 400 workers in the Small and Medium Enterprises sector in Palembang, in the Sub-districts of Sukarami, Ilir Barat I, Kalidoni, Seberang Ulu I and Seberang Ulu II. The method used is descriptive qualitative in path analysis, with primary data in interview questionnaires. The results showed that workers’ drinking and maximum income ranged from Rp500,000 to Rp7,500,000, with an average of Rp1,903,041. The results of the path analysis found that human capital through wages affected the income of 76.4 percent, with a beta value of 0.137 indicating that if the length of schooling were increased by 10 percent, wages would increase by 1.4 times and income by 23.6 percent. In contrast, the relationship of social capital through wages to income is very small because other factors influence, such as the work environment, place of residence, and others. Modal terdiri dari modal manusia, modal sosial, modal alam, modal fisik, dan modal keuangan, namun penelitian ini hanya akan membahas modal manusia dan modal sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara modal manusia dan modal sosial dalam mencapai kesejahteraan melalui tingkat upah dan pendapatan, khususnya bagi pekerja di sektor Usaha Kecil Menengah di Kota Palembang. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 400 pekerja di sektor Usaha Kecil Menengah di Palembang, di Kecamatan Sukarami, Ilir Barat I, Kalidoni, Seberang Ulu I dan Seberang Ulu II. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dalam analisis jalur (path analysis), dengan data primer berupa kuesioner wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minuman dan penghasilan maksimum pekerja berkisar antara Rp500.000 hingga Rp7.500.000, dengan rata-rata Rp1.903.041. Hasil analisis jalur menemukan bahwa modal manusia melalui upah mempengaruhi pendapatan sebesar 76,4 persen, dengan nilai beta 0,137 menunjukkan bahwa jika lama sekolah ditingkatkan 10 persen, upah akan meningkat 1,4 kali dan pendapatan sebesar 23,6 persen. Sebaliknya, hubungan modal sosial melalui upah terhadap pendapatan sangat kecil karena pengaruh fa