Genetic polymorphism of milk protein loci in Argentinian Holstein cattle

Some alleles of milk protein loci are associated with superior cheese production characteristics. The genetic polymorphism of the milk protein loci alphas1-casein, beta-casein, k-casein and beta-lactoglobulin was examined in Argentinian Holstein cattle. Samples from 12 herds of four regions of Córdo...

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Veröffentlicht in:Genetics and molecular biology 2000-12, Vol.23 (4), p.819-823
Hauptverfasser: Bonvillani, Adriana Gloria, Di Renzo, Miguel Angel, Tiranti, Iván Nicolás
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Some alleles of milk protein loci are associated with superior cheese production characteristics. The genetic polymorphism of the milk protein loci alphas1-casein, beta-casein, k-casein and beta-lactoglobulin was examined in Argentinian Holstein cattle. Samples from 12 herds of four regions of Córdoba were analyzed by starch gel electrophoresis. The chi² test was used to assess whether the populations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Genotypic diversity was analyzed by the Shannon-Weaver index. The observed genotypic frequencies were analyzed by Hedrick's genetic identity and the genetic distance of Balakrishnan and Sanghvi. The allelic and genotypic frequencies were similar to those of other Holstein populations. The genotypic frequencies of the alphas1-casein and beta-casein loci were in equilibrium, whereas in some populations the k-casein and beta-lactoglobulin loci were not. According to the Shannon-Weaver index the total genetic diversity within each herd was greater than 96%. The high values of identity agreed with the low genetic distances among populations. We conclude that there is extensive genetic homogeneity in Holstein cattle in Córdoba Province and that it would be feasible to select for B alleles at the k-casein and b-lactoglobulin loci in order to improve the quality of milk available for cheese manufacturing. Alguns alelos de locos de proteínas do leite associam-se com produção mais elevada de queijo. O polimorfismo genético dos locos das proteínas do leite alfas1-caseína, beta-caseína, k-caseína e beta-lactoglobulina foi examinado em gado Holstein argentino. Amostras de 12 rebanhos de quatro regiões de Córdoba foram analisados por eletroforese em gel de amido. O teste do chi² foi usado para avaliar se as populações estavam em equilíbrio de Hardy-Weinberg. A diversidade genotípica foi analisada pelo índice de Shannon-Weaver. As freqüências genotípicas observadas foram analisadas pela identidade genética de Hedrick e pela distância genética de Balakrishnan e Sanghvi. As freqüências alélicas e genotípicas foram semelhantes às de outras populações de Holstein. As freqüências genotípicas dos locos de alfas1-caseína e beta-caseína estavam em equilíbrio, enquanto que em algumas populações os locos de k-caseína e beta-lactoglobulina não estavam. De acordo com o índice de Shannon-Weaver a diversidade genética total dentro de cada rebanho foi maior que 96%. Os altos valores de identidade concordaram com as pequenas distâncias genéticas entre as
ISSN:1415-4757
1678-4685
1415-4757
1678-4685
DOI:10.1590/S1415-47572000000400019