Experimental investigation on enhancement of heat transfer in a straight tube heat exchanger using twisted tape inserts and nano fluids- effect of turbulent and laminar flow characteristics

One of the most significant groups of thermal energy handling equipment utilized in industries is heat exchangers. Their particular uses include chemical processing, waste heat recovery, space heating and air conditioning, and power generation. Most people consider heat exchangers to be complicated machines. Double-pipe heat exchangers are easy to build and analyze. However, given their extensive usage in industries, their significance is unquestionable. They have undergone several improvements to impact energy, reduce material costs, and thereby mitigate environmental deterioration. In industry, heat exchangers are commonly utilized for both heating and cooling purposes. Heat passes via the dividing walls of a recuperator, a form of heat exchanger that has distinct flow routes for each fluid along its tubes. Typically, the base fluid is water, ethylene glycol or oil, and the nano-particles are composed of metals, oxides or carbides. Nanofluid's ability to increase the rate of exchanging the heat in a variety of heat devices is experimentally assessed since adding nanoparticles to the base fluid improves its thermophysical characteristics. The use of inserts and nanofluids together significantly improves heat transmission.