Exploring relevant technologies for simulating user interaction in Metaverse virtual spaces

The Metaverse concept describes a virtual collective space where users engage with simulated or computer-generated environments, enabled by cutting-edge technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and 5G Networks. This convergence allows the creation of complex virtual worlds, enhances user interactions, enables dynamic environments, facilitates seamless integration across platforms, and ensures scalability and persistence, alongside several privacy, security, ethical and legal challenges to be considered. The constant advancement of these technologies is pivotal in shaping a future where the line between physical and virtual realities blurs, unlocking limitless possibilities in realms such as communication, entertainment, education, and business. This leads to novel opportunities for exploration and user engagement. This paper aims to present an overview of the leading technologies driving the transition from the current Internet to the Metaverse, enabling users to interact naturally and intuitively with digital objects and environments. The study explores well-established interactive simulation technologies like virtual reality and augmented reality, along with emerging technologies like somato-sensory interfaces, holographic imaging, and brain-computer interaction interfaces. Emphasizing their potential, the paper demonstrates how these technologies can offer users unparalleled levels of involvement in interactive activities spanning gaming, socializing, education, and business.