Anti-Diabetic Effects of the 80% Methanolic Extract of Datura Stramonium Linn (Solanaceae) Leaves in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Mice

Background: Managing diabetes mellitus with currently available drugs is costly, and the chances of side effects are high, leading to further studies for new and better medications from plant sources with the affordable and lower side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic effects of Datura stramonium Linn (Solanaceae) Leaves Extract in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Mice. Methods: Male Swiss albino mice were induced into diabetes using 150mg/kg of STZ. Mice were allocated randomly into six groups, five mice per group. Group I was a normal control, Group II was Diabetic negative control, group III was Diabetic positive control, Group IV-VI were Diabetic Mice that treated with extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) for 14 days. The FBG measurements were done on 0, 7th, and 14th days of treatment. After 14th day of treatment the mice were anesthetized with diethyl ether. Then, blood was drawn by cardiac puncture to assess TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C. The antioxidant activity of the extract was determined using a DPPH assay. The data were entered into Epi-Data version 4.6, exported to SPSS version 26.0, and analyzed using a one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey post hoc test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The extract of D. stramonium reduced the FBG level by 19.71%, 30.27%, 40.95%, and 45.67%, respectively, for D. stramonium 100, 200, 400, and GLC 5 mg/kg on the 14th day of treatment. Diabetic mice treated with D. stramonium for 14 days showed a significant decrease in serum TC, LDL, and serum TG and a significant increase in body weight, and HDL level as compared to diabetic negative control. Antioxidant activities of the leaves extract were comparable to ascorbic acid with an IC50 of 172.79 [micro]g/mL. Conclusion: These findings revealed that the D. stramonium leaves extract possesses significant Anti-diabetic activities. Keywords: antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, diabetes mellitus, Datura stramonium