Risk factors for maxillofacial injuries in a Brazilian emergency hospital sample

Maxillofacial injuries occur in a significant number of trauma patients. Epidemiological assessments are essential to reaffirm patterns, identify new trends and develop clinical and research priorities for effective treatment and prevention of these injuries. The aim of this study was to identify the epidemiological profile and risk factors associated with maxillofacial trauma treated at a referral emergency hospital for the Public Health System in the State Capital of Goiás, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was designed including 530 patients with maxillofacial trauma, 76% male, with a mean age of 25.5+/-15.0 years. Data were collected between May 2003 and August 2004 over weekly shift-working periods. The main causes of trauma were traffic accidents (45.7%) and physical assaults (24.3%), and differences in etiological factors were identified according to gender (p