Longitudinal faster anxiety progression of GBA variant carriers in the early Parkinson's disease cohort

Anxiety symptoms are prevalent neuropsychiatric manifestations in Parkinson's disease (PD) and impact the development of motor complications. Our aim was to evaluate the association of variants with the anxiety development in early PD cohort. This cohort study used data from the Parkinson Progression Marker Initiative. The primary outcome anxiety was assessed by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The association between and longitudinal change in the STAI total score was examined using linear mixed-effects model, and the association between and anxiety progression was examined using Cox survival analysis. A total of 385 patients with PD were included in this study, 39 of them were variant carriers and 346 were idiopathic PD without variants. Patients with variants had faster annual increase in anxiety score ( = 0.44; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.71;