The correlation between uveal melanoma and iris nevus

Purpose To investigate the impact of iris nevus on the incidence and prognosis of uveal melanoma (UM). Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 1128 UM cases and 4356 healthy controls. Participants were categorized based on iris nevus presence and grade: grade 0 (no iris nevus), grade 1 (single iris nevus), grade 2 (multiple iris nevi), and grade 3 (partial or complete darkening of the iris). Propensity matching score method was employed to control for age and sex differences, while the χ 2 test was used to compare the existence rate and grade of iris nevus between groups. Univariate ANOVA evaluated differences among various iris nevus grades, the Kaplan–Meier method analyzed the prognosis of patients with different iris nevus grades, and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between clinical data and prognosis. Results A total of 5484 subjects were analyzed. UM patients exhibited a higher prevalence and grade of iris nevus (all P