The Efficiency of Cheap Adsorbents in the Removal of Safranin Dye from Aqueous and Culture Medium

The possibility of contamination of surface waters by the safranin dye and its consumption by ruminants is inevitable subsequently; hence the effect of using safranin as a water pollutant with low-cost absorbents on fermentation activities of ruminal microorganisms was investigated in a culture medium. Safranin, at three levels (0, 5 and 10 ppm) with processed sodium bentonite (SB) and ash prepared from Cucumis Melo L. skin, each at three levels (0 and 4 and 8 mg) were used with a factorial experiment 3×2×3 in a laboratory medium. Removal effect of safranin in water was also investigated at 3 and 24 h incubation. The maximum removal rate of safranin from water (5 ppm) for SB and melon peel ash was determined 90 and 80%, respectively at 24 h incubation. Removal percentage of safranin by two adsorbents, decreased when safranin increased from 5 to 10 ppm. In response to increasing the safranin levels from 0 to 10 ppm in the culture medium, potential gas production, and cumulative gas production after 12, 24 and 48 h incubation, ME, SCFA, NEl, MPY, and OMD decreased significantly compared to the control group. The gas production potential decreased when levels of both adsorbents increased from 2 to 4%. The amounts of TVFA and ammonia nitrogen in the culture media decreased when safranin concentration increased from 0 to 5 ppm. Generally, both adsorbents were able to remove safranin from the water, efficiency. The SB also appears to be more effective in eliminating of safranin rather than ash.