A Spectroscopic Overview of Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds of NH…O,S,N Type

Intramolecular NH…O,S,N interactions in non-tautomeric systems are reviewed in a broad range of compounds covering a variety of NH donors and hydrogen bond acceptors. H chemical shifts of NH donors are good tools to study intramolecular hydrogen bonding. However in some cases they have to be corrected for ring current effects. Deuterium isotope effects on C and N chemical shifts and primary isotope effects are usually used to judge the strength of hydrogen bonds. Primary isotope effects are investigated in a new range of magnitudes. Isotope ratios of NH stretching frequencies, νNH/ND, are revisited. Hydrogen bond energies are reviewed and two-bond deuterium isotope effects on C chemical shifts are investigated as a possible means of estimating hydrogen bond energies.