Yield of cotton/cowpea and sunflower/cowpea crop rotation systems during the reclamation process of a saline-sodic soil
The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of subsoiling, gypsum and organic matter associated with the cultivation of cotton, sunflower and cowpea in crop rotation, seeking the reclamation and use of a saline-sodic soil. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design in split pl...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Engenharia Agrícola 2014-10, Vol.34 (5), p.867-876 |
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Zusammenfassung: | The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of subsoiling, gypsum and organic matter associated with the cultivation of cotton, sunflower and cowpea in crop rotation, seeking the reclamation and use of a saline-sodic soil. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design in split plots with four replications, during two crop cycles (2009/2010 and 2010/2011). The plots were formed by the treatments: T1. Subsoiling (S); T2. S + 20 Mg ha-1 of gypsum; T3. S + 40 Mg ha-1 of organic matter; T4. S + 10 Mg ha-1 of gypsum + 20 Mg ha-1 of organic matter; T5. S + 20 Mg ha-1 of gypsum + 40 Mg ha-1 of organic matter and the sub-plots consisted of the cotton-cowpea (C/CP) and sunflower-cowpea (S/CP) crop rotation. The use of gypsum and organic matter contributed to decrease the soil salinity and sodicity. Cotton was not affected by the treatments, while the sunflower crop was favored by the application of amendments only in the second production cycle. Higher yields of cowpea in T5 treatment, during the 2009/2010 cycle, are indicative that higher doses of gypsum and organic matter applied in this treatment accelerate the reclamation process. For other treatments with amendment application there was a beneficial effect for this crop only in the second cycle, when the values of productivity were similar to T5.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o uso de subsolagem, gesso agrícola e matéria orgânica, associados ao cultivo de algodão, girassol e feijão-de-corda em sistemas de rotação, visando à recuperação e o aproveitamento de um solo salino-sódico. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em um delineamento em blocos casualizados, em parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições, durante dois ciclos. As parcelas foram formadas pelos tratamentos: T1. Subsolagem (S); T2. S + 20 Mg ha-1 de gesso (G); T3. S + 40 Mg ha-1 de matéria orgânica (MO); T4. S + 10 Mg ha-1 de G + 20 Mg ha-1 de MO; T5. S + 20 Mg ha-1 de G + 40 Mg ha-1 de MO, e as subparcelas corresponderam às rotações culturais algodão feijão-de-corda (AL/FC) e girassol feijão-de-corda (GI/FC). O emprego dos corretivos contribuiu para a diminuição dos níveis de salinidade e sodicidade do solo. O algodão não apresentou nenhuma resposta à aplicação dos tratamentos, enquanto a cultura do girassol foi favorecida pela aplicação de corretivos apenas no segundo ciclo. As maiores produtividades do feijão-de-corda no tratamento T5, no ciclo de 2009/2010, são indicativos de que as maiores doses de gesso e de matéria org |
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ISSN: | 0100-6916 1809-4430 0100-6916 |
DOI: | 10.1590/S0100-69162014000500006 |