Causes of chronic kidney disease in Egyptian children

There are very few published reports on the causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Egyptian children. We reviewed the records of 1018 (males 56.7%, age ranged from 1 to 19 years) Egyptian patients suffering from CKD and followed-up at the pediatric nephrology units (outpatient clinics and dialysis units) of 11 universities over a period of two years. The mean of the estimated glomerular filtration rate was 12.5 mL/min/1.73 m2. Children with CKD stage I and stage II comprised 4.4% of the studied group, while those with stage III, IV and V comprised 19.7%, 18.3% and 57.6%, respectively. The most common single cause of CKD was obstructive uropathy (21.7%), followed by primary glomerulonephritis (15.3%), reflux/urinary tract infection (14.6%), aplasia/hypoplasia (9.8%) and familial/metabolic diseases (6.8%); unknown causes accounted for 20.6% of the cases. Of the 587 patients who had reached end-stage renal disease, 93.5% was treated with hemodialysis and only 6.5% were treated with peritoneal dialysis.