Simulation of experimental chronic osteomyelitis

Introduction. In the existing models of osteomyelitis, there is no unified scheme for creating a pathological focus. To obtain reliable comparative data from Introduction There is no unified scheme for creating a pathological site in the existing osteomyelitis models. The location, the size of the defect, the dosage of the infecting agent and the carrier material are to be standardized to facilitate reliable comparative data from different authors and reproducibility of the experimental model. The objective was to demonstrate experimental results of simulated chronic osteomyelitis using a unified scheme for creating a pathological site. Material and methods An identical defect was simulated in the proximal tibia metaepiphysis of 15 rabbits using a four-sided cone-shaped drill with a diameter of 0.5 cm and a limiter to a depth of 0.5 cm. An allobone fragment impregnated with Staphylococcus aureus suspension with a microbial cell concentration of 1.0 × 108 CFU/mL was placed into the defect site. A part of sutures was removed from the middle third of the wound and the edges were diluted to initiate a fistula course at 3 postoperative days. An experimental model of chronic osteomyelitis was developed using unified parameters of location, defect size, dosage of the infecting agent and carrier material. The method was technically simple, required no additional infection and provided a chronic osteomyelitic process. Observation period was 21 days. The control of the model formation was produced through clinical observation, inflammatory changes in the peripheral blood, bacteriological, radiological and pathomorphological examinations. Results Postoperatively, the animals demonstrated a decreased physical activity, increased body temperature, impaired function of the operated limb, a non-healing fistula with an abundant purulent discharge of curd consistency formed at the site of the postoperative wound. Computed tomography showed a cavity with irregular sclerotic edges filled with multiple bone sequesters, edema of adjacent soft tissues and fistula at 21 postoperative days. Leukocytosis was observed in the peripheral blood. Bacteriological examination of the wound discharge showed growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Pathomorphological investigation indicated chronic osteomyelitis with bone defects in the proximal metaepiphysis of the tibia and necrotic areas, pronounced leukocyte infiltration, fragments of dissolving bone tissue, growth of connective tissue surround