Clinical manifestations of precancerous lesions of the stomach: characteristics and warnings

Background. Chronic gastritis is largely associated with clinical manifestations such as dyspepsia, but often, even in a severe form, it is asymptomatic, which causes difficulties in its timely diagnosis. The relationship of the clinical manifestations of functional dyspepsia and chronic gastritis still causes a number of contradictions due to the uncertainty of the form of comorbidity. Objective: to study the clinical manifestations in patients with precancerous lesions of the stomach, taking into account the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and functional dyspepsia — epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) and postprandial distress syndrome (PDS). Materials and methods. Seventy-nine patients were examined. According to the results of a morphological study, they were divided into groups: group 1 (n = 13) — atrophic changes in the gastric mucosa; group 2 (n = 20) — intestinal metaplasia only in the antrum; group 3 (n = 33) — diffuse intestinal metaplasia; group 4 (n = 13) — patients with dysplasia. We analyzed the basic characteristics of the presence, frequency and severity of the main complaints of patients. The severity was determined on a 5-point Likert scale. All symptoms were grouped into the sets of symptoms characteristic of GER and functional dyspepsia with the definition of PDS and EPS according to the Rome criteria. Results. Manifestations of functional dyspepsia in all cases were combined with the clinical symptoms of GER. Symptoms of functional dyspepsia with a predominance of PDS were most intensive in all examined people. For patients with multifocal intestinal metaplasia, the maximum symptomatology of GER is characteristic, which is three times more intensive than in patients with atrophy (p