Driving Factors for Sustainable Livestock Development in Indonesia: Study on Beef Cattle Commodities

Driving factors for the development of smallholder beef cattle farming include consumption needs and market availability, government policies and institutional, social and cultural support from the community, availability of animal feed sources, availability of upstream and downstream industries, as well as regional carrying capacity and the use of appropriate technology. The aim of the research is to analyze the influence of driving factors on sustainable livestock development in beef cattle commodities. The research variables consist of driving factors (X) and the five dimensions of sustainable livestock development, namely the ecological dimension (Y1), the economical dimension (Y2), the social and cultural dimension (Y3), the institutional dimension (Y4), and the technological dimension (Y5). Research data was obtained by means of Focus Group Discussion (FGDs), filling in questionnaires, and interviews. The research respondents consisted of 60 small-scale beef cattle fattening farmers with ownership of 7-60 heads in Bondowoso District. Data were analyzed partially using simple linear regression with SPSS 26.0. The research results showed that driving factors had a positive and significant influence on sustainable livestock development, especially on the ecological dimension of 0.492, the economical dimension of 0.376, the social and cultural dimension of 0.327, and the institutional dimension of 0.442. The research conclusion shows that the driving factors for sustainable livestock development are worthy of the attention of all stakeholders in beef cattle livestock commodities, for example, in the ecological dimension, farmers are able to manage and process livestock waste to be used as plant fertilizer. In the economical dimension, farmers are able to play a role in increasing livestock business income. In the social and cultural dimensions, it is able to encourage the participation of family members in the livestock farming business. In the institutional dimension, farmers actively participate in livestock coaching and extension programs.