Toxic effects of VCD on kidneys and liver tissues: a histopathological and biochemical study

We explored detrimental effects of VCD on non-ovarian tissues such as kidneys and liver 14 days post-drug administration. Twelve rats were randomly assigned into two groups. In VCD group, rats received 160 mg/kgbw VCD intraperitoneally for 15 consequent days. Control rats were injected with VCD-free normal saline. At the respective time point, rats were euthanized, blood and tissue samples were collected. H&E staining was performed to evaluate pathological changes. Serum level of ALT, AST, creatinine and urea were also measured. Histological analysis revealed hyperemia and follicular atresia in the ovaries, indicating successful POF induction in rats. In renal tissue, extensive tubular necrosis, focal hemorrhage, hyaline casts, and interstitial nephritis were observed. Analysis of hepatic tissue showed numerous hemorrhagic foci, chronic cholangitis, and hepatocyte necrosis, indicating apparent VCD toxicity of both hepatic and renal tissues. The biochemical evaluation revealed a tendency of increase in ALT, AST, creatinine, and Urea in VCD-treated rats; however, the values did not reach significant level. In conclusion, the induction of POF in rats by VCD correlates with renal and hepatic damages. Commensurate with data from this study, any conclusions from experiments based on VCD-induced premature ovarian failure rats should be reported with caution.